The Corona Ferrea was used to crown kings and emperors, among them Charlemagne, Otto I, Berengar in 888, Henry IV in 1081, Frederick I Barbarossa in 1158, Henry VII in 1311, Charles V in 1530, Napoleon I in 1805, and Ferdinand I of Austria in 1838. Brought to Vienna in 1859, it was returned to Italy in 1866 and kept in the chapel of Theodelinda in Monza.
Napoleon Bonaparte, who placed it on his own head himself, uttered the famous phrase: «Dieu me la donne, gare à qui la touche» (=God gives it to me, beware whoever touches it).


In the Cathedral of Monza magnificent treasures and jewels are kept, among them the ancient Iron Crown, one of the most important objects of Italian goldsmith art, formed by six rectangular gold plates joined together by hinges, adorned with 46 gems set in a sophisticated floral frame of enamelled gold. Inside the crown there is a thin hoop of iron which is said to have been forged with one of the nails of the crucifixion of Jesus. 